AUB – CURRENT NOMENCLATURE AND TREATMENT.
Abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) is a broad term that describes irregularities in the menstrual cycle involving frequency, regularity, duration, and volume of flow outside of pregnancy. Up to one-third of women will experience abnormal uterine bleeding in their life, with irregularities most commonly occurring at menarche and perimenopause. A normal menstrual cycle has a frequency […]
THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE
Both fallopian tubes are involved in most (>90%) women in FGTB and the involvement can be TB endosalpingitis, exosalpingitis, interstitial TB salpingitis and Salpingitis isthmica nodosa. In tuberculous endosalpingitis, with the haematogenous route of spread, the infection starts from endosalpinx making tubes swollen, oedematous and irregular with the formation of hydrosalpinx, pyosalpinx, tubo-ovarian masses and […]
WHAT IS COVID-19?
Corona viruses (CoV) are a large family of viruses that cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS-CoV) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS-CoV). A novel corona virus (nCoV) is a new strain that has not been previously identified in humans. Corona viruses are zoonotic, that is they are transmitted between […]
Thin Endometrium
Thin endometrium is caused by a diminished normal endometrial growth. Acute or chronic infection like genital tuberculosis may result in destruction of endometrium basal layer due to replacing healthy endometrium by fibroid tissue after healing.Iatrogenic thin endometrium can be occurred by surgical procedures such as repeated curettage, polypectomy, laparoscopic or hysteroscopic myomectomy or with drug […]
Improvise your mental health during pregnancy
How can pregnancy impact your mind? For all expectant mothers, pregnancy is a time of drastic changes. Some noticeable changes include increased hormone levels, belly growth, and ankle swelling. However, the most significant changes are gradual, many of which can be noticed with the naked eye. Progesterone cycling is a primary driver of anxiety, frustration […]
Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD/PCOS)
Definition: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder common among women of reproductive age. Women with PCOS may have infrequent or prolonged menstrual periods or excess male hormone (androgen) levels. The ovaries may develop numerous small collections of fluid (follicles) and fail to regularly release eggs. The exact cause of PCOS is unknown. Early […]
FEMALE GENITAL TUBERCULOSIS (FGTB)
Genital TB mostly spreads from the lungs or other organs with transmission being usually by hematogenous or lymphatic route or sometimes direct spread from adjacent organs (bowel or lymph node). It may be sexually-transmitted through infected semen from active genitourinary TB in the male partner. Frequency of tuberculosis in female genital organs Fallopian tubes – […]
Laparoscopy Instruments
Laparoscopic surgery, also called minimally invasive surgery (MIS) or keyhole surgery, is a modern surgical technique in which operations are performed far from their location through small incisions (usually 0.5–1.5 cm) elsewhere in the body. Three main Components: Laparoscopic instrumentsØ Pneumoperitoneum Ø Image production OPERATING ROOM SET-UP must include: A sufficient back up of instrumentation […]
PRELABOR RUPTURE OF THE MEMBRANES (PROM)
HEART DISEASE IN PREGNANCY
